Case Studies

In 2005, Mr. and Mrs. N were 57 and 77 years old respectively, retired, and had combined household annual income of about $20,661. They were experiencing financial difficulty and having trouble paying their expenses. Their son introduced them to his advisor by telephone, hoping he could provide advice on how his parents could manage their finances.

In February 1999, Mr. C opened an RRSP account. Five years later, he closed the account when he sold all of his investments to purchase a new home. Mr. C had no further contact with his former advisor until early 2008, when they ran into each other at a local store.

In early 2009, Ms. B was set to receive $59,000 as part of a severance package. On the advice of bank staff Ms. B opened a Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) account, into which she deposited the severance payment.

In January 2007 Ms. P was 52 years old. Her ex-husband had recently passed away leaving her about $300,000 in an RRSP at a large bankowned investment firm. She contacted the advisors on the RRSP account to discuss estate transfer matters.

Mr. A's parents had signed a Power of Attorney (POA), prepared by their lawyer, giving their son wide-ranging control over their financial affairs. For almost a decade, Mr. A managed his parents' finances without incident.

Ms. D and her common-law spouse of 33 years had a $120,000 investment to which they had both contributed over the years. Both elderly, in 2003, they decided to cash out their investment and received a jointly payable cheque. The couple visited their bank and met with their banking representative. Ms. D's spouse identified the account which the cheque was to be deposited, which the banking representative wrote on the back of the cheque. A teller completed the transaction.

Mr. B complained when his RESP dealer firm refused to return the funds he contributed to an RESP account. Mr. B had been making payments to a scholarship plan for several years, but due to personal circumstances requested his RESP dealer firm place a temporary stop on his required contributions.

On the suggestion of his advisor, Mr. V had purchased special “synthetic" preferred shares of a complex structured investment product offering a principal guarantee at maturity. Its returns depended on the number of future credit defaults, or in other words, the level of net losses within the underlying portfolio. 

When Mrs. K, a 51-year-old life insurance advisor, opened an investment account at Firm ABC, she signed a Know-Your-Client (KYC) form indicating 100% medium risk tolerance and an objective of 100% long-term capital gains. Soon after this, her investment advisor began to purchase higher-risk securities. While Mrs. K was privately concerned, she chose not to complain.

In 2002, Mrs. E, then 71-years-old, began investing at Firm ABC with the help of an investment advisor. As her financial knowledge was limited, she let her advisor manage her registered account. The Know-Your-Client (KYC) form she signed indicated she was a conservative investor seeking to preserve her capital.